Design and Presentation of a Smart Power Model in Governmental Organizations (Case Study: National Petrochemical Company of Iran)
Keywords:
Smart Power, Government Organization, National Iranian Petrochemical CompanyAbstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a smart power model for integrating sources of power in governmental organizations, using the National Petrochemical Company of Iran as a case study. The research method is applied-developmental in terms of purpose, descriptive-survey in terms of data collection, cross-sectional in terms of time, and quantitative in nature. The statistical population consisted of employees, experts, and managers of the company, totaling 359 individuals. Based on Morgan's table, the sample size was determined to be 186 participants, who were selected using a cluster sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire containing 12 main components (axial codes) and 2 main dimensions of smart power (hard power and soft power). For data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted using SPSS and SmartPLS software. The findings indicated that smart power comprises two dimensions: soft power and hard power. The components of soft power include negotiation and interaction, organizational culture, technology, software and IT, skill and experience, and knowledge and expertise. The components of hard power include financial and economic resources, human resources, equipment and physical facilities, organizational rules and regulations, and organizational communication and structure. Moreover, the factor loadings of all components and dimensions were higher than 0.30, their average variance extracted (AVE) values exceeded 0.60, and their reliability coefficients were above 0.70. Additionally, the model demonstrated a good fit, and each dimension had a direct and significant effect on the proposed model. The results suggest that the designed model can also be applicable in other governmental organizations.
Downloads
References
Baghban, H., & Pandey, A. K. (2024). Research on the Analysis of Operation and Governance in Interoperable Smart Cities. International Journal of Data Informatics and Intelligent Computing, 3(1), 44-54. https://doi.org/10.59461/ijdiic.v3i1.103
Basma, K., & Namuq, M. (2021). FUNCTIONING Soft Power Diplomacy in Foreign Policy: Iran as a Case Study. Ejbm. https://doi.org/10.7176/ejbm/13-6-02
Criado, J. I., & Gil-García, J. R. (2019). Creating Public Value Through Smart Technologies and Strategies. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 32(5), 438-450. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-07-2019-0178
Flynn, A., & Valverde, M. (2020). Where the Sidewalk Ends: The Governance of Waterfront Toronto’s Sidewalk Labs Deal. Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice, 36, 263-283. https://doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v36i0.6425
Guenduez, A. A., Singler, S., Tomczak, T., Schedler, K., & Oberli, M. (2018). Smart Government Success Factors. Yearbook of Swiss Administrative Sciences, 9(1), 96. https://doi.org/10.5334/ssas.124
Guo, C., & Qun, Y. (2020). Smart Power as the Factor in the SINO-U.S. Relations. Eurasianunionscientists, 5(2(71)), 4-7. https://doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.5.71.601
Idrus, S. H., La Ode Muhammad Golok, J., Yusuf, M., Rasudu, N. A., & Rijal, M. L. (2025). Evaluation of Public Administration Systems in Managing Smart Tourism Destinations Using Technology. Jai, 2(2), 169-179. https://doi.org/10.71364/6hgwrf15
Korczak, J. (2019). Smart Administration– Really? Why Not? Introduction. Wroclaw Review of Law Administration & Economics, 9(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.2478/wrlae-2019-0017
Li, J. (2023). Improving the Quality and Efficiency of Tourism Public Services Based on Value Co-Creation in the Context of Smart City. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.1-9-2023.2338808
Ma, X. (2023). The Impact of Family Structure Towards the Smart Community Construction. The Frontiers of Society Science and Technology, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.25236/fsst.2023.050304
Mohammed, C. B., & Issa, S. O. (2020). The Impact of the Trump Doctrine on U.S. Foreign Policy Toward Iraq. Twejer, 3(3), 1117-1178. https://doi.org/10.31918/twejer.2033.30
Nye, J. S. (2019). Soft Power and Public Diplomacy Revisited. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 14(1-2), 7-20. https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-14101013
Onescu, L., Lungu, I., Banaduc, G., & Drăghici, A. (2023). Analysis of the Concept and Solutions for Transforming Timisoara Into a Smart City. Scientific Bulletin of the Politehnica University of Timişoara Transactions on Engineering and Management, 10(1&2), 36-46. https://doi.org/10.59168/vjik8301
Pacovský, L., & Jolič, J. (2021). Smart Cities and the Necessity of Opening of the Data in the Czech Republic as an Example of Cee Country. 129-137. https://doi.org/10.31410/eman.2021.129
Raouf, H. A. (2019). Iranian Quest for Regional Hegemony: Motivations, Strategies and Constrains. Review of Economics and Political Science, 4(3), 242-256. https://doi.org/10.1108/reps-02-2019-0017
Rubanova, N. I. (2019). The Problems and Conditions of Effective Public Participation in Creating a Smart Sustainable City. Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Serija 3 Ekonomika Ekologija(2), 65-77. https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu3.2019.2.6
Sadeghi, S. M. M., & Hajimineh, R. (2019). The Role of Iran’s «Soft Power» in Confronting Iranophobia. MGIMO Review of International Relations, 12(4), 216-238. https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-4-67-216-238
Soltani-Nejad, N., Jahanshahi, M., Saberi, M. K., Ansari, N., & Zarei-Maram, N. (2021). The Relationship Between Social Responsibility and Public Libraries Accountability: The Mediating Role of Professional Ethics and Conscientiousness. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 54(2), 306-324. https://doi.org/10.1177/09610006211014260
Todoschak, O. V., & Білокур, Є. (2023). Optimization of Public Administration Methods in the Conditions of Digitalization. Uzhhorod National University Herald Series Law, 2(76), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.76.2.13
Vyltsan, S. E. (2024). The Legal Status of Representatives of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Constitutional and Municipal Law, 62-66. https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3767-2024-7-62-66
Zotova, A., Svetkina, I. A., & Gilmanova, D. R. (2020). Issues of Ensuring Economic and Energy Security in the “Smart City” System. Vestnik Universiteta(8), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-8-5-12
Масик, М. (2023). Інституціональна Стійкість Публічного Управління В Умовах Війни. Наукові Перспективи (Naukovì Perspektivi)(12(30)). https://doi.org/10.52058/2708-7530-2022-12(30)-41-54
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 فریدون کیانی نژاد (نویسنده); داود کیاکُجوری; مریم رحمتی (نویسنده)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
