Interpretive-Structural Modeling (ISM) of the Indirect Effects of Sports on the Economy of Metropolises in Iran
Keywords:
Sports, urban economy, metropolis, economic impactsAbstract
The purpose of this study was to explain the interpretive-structural model of the indirect effects of sports on the economy of metropolises in Iran. From a purpose perspective, this research is applied; regarding the type of data, it is qualitative; in terms of data analysis method, it is exploratory; in terms of time orientation, it is cross-sectional; and in terms of data collection method, it is field-based. The statistical population in this study included faculty members and individuals managing public sectors related to economic development, such as municipal managers, members of city councils, and directors of the General Department of Sports and Youth in several major provinces. Theoretical sampling was conducted purposefully until theoretical saturation was reached, which occurred after nine interviews. In the interpretive-structural modeling phase, a Delphi panel consisting of five experts in the field of sports economics was formed, and ultimately, the components were scored. In total, 47 open codes were categorized into six axial codes and one selective code representing the indirect effects of sports on metropolises. Interpretive-Structural Modeling (ISM) was performed using MICMAC software, and the results showed that the components of sports tourism and public health were the most influential, while employee productivity was the least influential component among others in affecting the economy of Iranian metropolises. Given the indirect effects of sports on the urban economy, it seems that officials should pay more attention to the development of sports in large cities.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Reza Alizadeh (Author); Shahriar Kharazian; Hakimeh Hatef, Ali Hoseinzadeh Gonabadi (Author)
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