Modeling the Factors Influencing Organizational Voice at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Using ISM and MICMAC Analysis
Keywords:
Organizational Voice, Interpretive (ISM), MICMAC Analysis, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Zanjan University of Medical SciencesAbstract
The aim of this study was to identify and explain the factors affecting organizational voice at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences using a mixed-method (qualitative–quantitative) approach. In the qualitative phase, university managers and experts were selected and interviewed through snowball sampling. In the quantitative phase, university staff were examined using a simple random sampling method. Through a literature review and content analysis of the interviews, 14 key factors were identified, including individual factors (such as knowledge and self-confidence), organizational factors (such as organizational culture and value systems), and social factors (such as social support). These factors were screened and validated using the fuzzy Delphi method. Then, using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), the hierarchical structure and interrelationships among the factors were depicted. MICMAC analysis was applied to classify the factors into independent, linkage, dependent, and autonomous categories. Finally, the conceptual model of the study was tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicated that strategic factors—such as organizational culture, organizational structure, value systems, and job security—play a central role in enhancing organizational voice. The model fit indices and the significance of the relationships among the factors were confirmed. This study offers a scientific and practical framework for designing managerial interventions aimed at improving employee participation, increasing transparency, and enhancing organizational performance at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Somayeh Marjani (Author); Mohammad Khairandish; Eshagh Rasouli, Ebrahim Habib Pour (Author)
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